Lansez acest topic care, cred eu, merita sa apara de mai demult in acest forum. Incep cu informatii de actualitate:
Regimentul de Parasutisti (care da peste 50% din SAS si Special Forces Support Group), cele 5 batalioane de garda si Regimentul de cavalerie de garda se afla in fruntea listei unitatilor care vor fi ocolite de reducerile drastice din cadrul trupelor de uscat britanice, al caror efectiv urmeaza sa scada pana in 2020 de la circa 100,000, cat au in prezent, la 82,000. Din cele 36 de batalioane de infanterie vor ramane 25. Va mai scapa Royal Irish Regiment, fiind compus dintr-un singur batalion. Au motive sa se teama de reduceri: - Royal Regiment of Scotland, care va pierde, probabil, 1 dintre cele 5 batalioane (si asa au dificultati la recrutare) - Yorkshire Regiment - Duke of Lancaster’s Regiment - The Rifles - Royal Gurkha Rifles
-Royal Logistic Corps va fi redus cu 25% pana la 12,000 de militari;
-Royal Corps of Engineers va pierde 30% din efective si va ajunge la 5,500 de oameni, iar Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers va pierde un efectiv egal.
-Din 15 regimente de artilerie (a se intelege batalioane/divizioane) vor mai ramane doua treimi; majoritatea autotunurilor AS90 vor fi trecute in conservare sau redistribuite unitatilor armatei teritoriale.
-La fel se va intampla si cu cele 5 regimente de tancuri si cele 5 regimente de recunoastere blindate (a se citi din nou batalioane) ale Royal Armoured Corps.
- Army Air Corps va pierde unele elicoptere mai vechi, preum Lynx, dar flota de Apache nu va avea de suferit
Per total, vor ramane 5 brigazi de arme intrunite si brigada 16 asalt aerian ca unitate de reactie rapida a armatei. Cel mai probabil, cele 5 brigazi vor ramane in cadrul celor doua divizii ale armatei active, 1 si 3.
Ultima data in istorie cand efectivul armatei britanice de uscat s-a situat in jurul cifrei de 80,000 de oameni a fost in anii 1820.
Efectivele Royal Air Force vor fi reduse de la 44,000 la 39,000 de oameni, iar cele apartinand Royal Navy de la 35,000 la 30,000. Dupa cum se stie, portavioanele HMS Ark Royal and HMS Illustrious (care deja nu mai au avioane dupa ce flota de Harrier a fost scoasa din serviciu) vor fi retrase in 2014. Cu toate acestea, pilotii din Aviatia Navala (Fleet Air Arm) nu au a se teme de reduceri. Ma intreb ce vor face daca problemele cu F-35, care am inteles ca vor echipa cele doua noi portavioane aflate in constructie, vor persista.
Cand mai aveau 10% din orele de antrenament, cam un sfert din viitorii piloti ai RAF s-au trezot pusi pe liber din ratiuni de economii financiare. Astfel, au fost vizati 20 de piloti de avioane de vantoare, 30 de piloti de elicoptere si 50 de piloti de avioane de transport. Asta in conditiile in care numerosi piloti apropiati de varsta pensionarii vor fi trecuti in rezerva. In prezent, RAF are cam 210 piloti de vanatoare, 220 de piloti de avioane de transport si recunoastere si 220 de piloti de elicopter. RAF va ramane doar cu o jumatate din avioanele de tip Tornado, adica 60, iar numarul total de avioane de tip Eurofighter va ajunge la 160, dupa care nu vor mai fi achizitionate alte avioane de acest tip. Sursa: LINK
Pe aceeasi tema: Army to shrink to smallest size since Boer war while reservists' role bolstered • Regulars to fall from 100,000 to 84,000 after 2014 • £1.5bn earmarked to beef up reserves and fund equipment • Money to cover 14 delayed Chinooks and three spy planes
Richard Norton-Taylor guardian.co.uk, Sunday 17 July 2011 23.43 BST Article history
The army will be reduced to its smallest size since the Boer war under plans to be announced by Liam Fox, the defence secretary, on Monday.
It will shrink from more than 100,000 regulars to about 84,000, as reforms will make reserves better trained and better paid, officials said. The shake-up will take place after British troops give up their combat role in Afghanistan in 2014.
The Treasury has agreed to bolster the defence budget, with £1.5bn earmarked to help pay for beefed-up reserves and more funding for military equipment.
The money will pay for 14 delayed Chinook helicopters due to come into service after 2014, three new US Rivet spy planes, and upgrades to the army's Warrior armoured vehicles.
A review has proposed that the Territorial Army should retain its current strength of 36,000, but about 5,000 reservists should be trained for frontline operations. Reservists would also contribute more to "homeland security" work, dealing with the aftermath of terrorist attacks and civil emergencies.
The review was conducted by General Sir Nicholas Houghton, vice-chief of the defence staff, Julian Brazier, Conservative MP and former TA officer, and Lt Gen Graeme Lamb, former head of the UK's special forces. It is understood their proposals have been accepted by Fox.
The defence secretary will also announce specialist roles for the reserves, including cyber security, intelligence, foreign language skills and medical services.
According to officials, the foreword to the reserves review says: "Our commission has concluded that the UK's reserve forces are in need of significant revitalisation and reorientation. Although continuing to do a remarkable job in many areas … the wider picture is one of relative neglect and decline". Britain deploys proportionately fewer reservists than other Nato countries – below 20%, compared with more than 50% for the US, 44% in Canada, and 37% in Australia.
Fox is expected to announce that RAF Leuchars is to close, to house soldiers leaving Germany between now and 2020. The RAF will left with one base in Scotland — RAF Lossiemouth. The decision to transfer the two RAF Typhoon squadrons from Leuchars to Lossiemouth is understood to have been made only last Friday, though there has been speculation for months.
The military already faces other major plans to change its structure.
Under reforms to the Ministry of Defence published last month, senior members of the military will lose their jobs if they let costs get out of control and fail to manage budgets. The heads of the army, Royal Navy and RAF will be held accountable as never before, and responsible for cutting the number of officers.
All three services have become overloaded with top brass, according to the report by Lord Levene, chairman of Lloyd's of London. His proposals have been accepted by the coalition government.
Levene noted that inter-service rivalry had added to the problems and he recommended the creation of a new joint forces command, headed by a high-ranked commander, as one way of breaking down the barriers between them. Fox last month sought to calm fears within the army over possible further cuts. Though it is committed to making tthousands of redundancies, there has been speculation that the army would be in line for more in order to prick a ballooning defence budget. "We have no plans to reduce the size of the army in this parliament," Fox told MPs.
In ceea ce priveste organizarea Trupelor de Uscat, s-a operat o reducere a rangului comandantilor si o reorganizare a structurilor de comanda:
Higher Command
As part of Defence Reforms, the Army has adopted a revised top level command structure which took effect on 01 Nov 2011.
The Chief of the General Staff (CGS) now commands a single Army Staff which works out of a new Army HQ in Andover. CGS exercises command of the Army through three 3 star subordinate commanders: Commander Land Forces (CLF), Commander Force Development and Training (FDT) and the Adjutant General (AG). Commander Land Forces is the primus inter pares at 3 star. He acts as the Chief of the General Staff's deputy and he is the commander responsible for delivering the Army's principal outputs. The Field Army, the Reserves, the Firm Base and the Joint Helicopter Command are integrated through the establishment of a Land Force Command.
The Assistant Chief of the General Staff (ACGS) provides control and coordination across the 3 star subordinate commands from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) with the Chief of Staff Land Forces (COS LF) as his representative in the Army Headquarters in Andover.
This new, modernised structure was devised to enhance the Army's interaction with Defence, the Royal Navy, the Royal Air Force and other UK Government agencies. It will also deliver greater efficiency while aligning the Army's peacetime practices with its operational modus operandi in order to allow the Army to continue to exploit success. sursa: LINK
In fine, zilele acestea a luat nastere o noua structura, un comandament operativ intrunit de 4 stele, capabil sa coordoneze unitati ale celor trei categorii de forte. Intrebarea este daca va mai avea ce coordona, avand in vedere ca reducerile viitoare si problemele de inzestrare ar putea afecta serios capacitatea operativa a fortelor britanice.
New Joint Forces Command established
A Defence Policy and Business news article 2 Apr 12 The new Joint Forces Command (JFC) achieved Initial Operating Capability today, 2 April 2012.
The launch of the Joint Forces Command is a major milestone in the MOD's Transforming Defence programme - the most significant programme of Defence reform for a generation.
To mark the establishment of the new Joint Forces Command today Secretary of State for Defence Philip Hammond MP, attended a ceremonial event at JFC's new Northwood headquarters. The Defence Secretary also unveiled a plaque to mark the event.
The Joint Forces Command has been established to ensure that a range of vital military capabilities, functions and organisations – such as medical services, training and education, intelligence, and cyber – are organised and managed effectively and efficiently to support success on operations.
By bringing together a number of joint Defence organisations, the Joint Forces Command will ensure investment in joint capabilities is appropriate and coherent, and strengthen the link between experience in operational theatres and top-level decision-making.
The creation of the Joint Forces Command was recommended by the Defence Reform review, led by Lord Levene, as part of the most significant programme of change across the Ministry of Defence in a generation. The report was published in June 2011; and the Joint Forces Command has been designed and delivered from scratch in only nine months.
Over the next year, the Joint Forces Command will assume the full range of its planned responsibilities in support of Defence's objectives for current operations, future contingencies, and for the longer term.
Air Chief Marshal Sir Stuart Peach said:
"I am delighted to be in command for the launch of the Joint Forces Command. Throughout my career I have been passionate about the effective delivery of joint capabilities, and I will ensure that, from the very start, the Joint Forces Command places this at the heart of everything it does. Since I took up post in December 2011, I have visited most of our units, overseen our organisation taking shape, and I now look forward to leading it to deliver world-class support to our military forces."
Defence Secretary Philip Hammond said:
"The establishment of the Joint Forces Command in such a short timeframe is a significant achievement in the delivery of Defence Reform. I look forward to working with Air Chief Marshal Sir Stuart Peach as he leads this new Command to deliver a step-change in the way that UK Defence plans, prepares and executes joint operations."
On 2 April 2012, the following organisations transferred to the Joint Forces Command:
• The Permanent Joint Headquarters (known as PJHQ) • The Permanent Joint Operating Bases in Gibraltar, Cyprus, British Indian Ocean Territory and South Atlantic Islands • The Joint Force Headquarters • The Joint Force Logistics Component • The Joint Counter-Terrorist Training and Advisory Team • The Directorate of Special Forces • The Defence Academy • The Development Concepts and Doctrine Centre • Defence Intelligence • Surgeon General's Headquarters and the Joint Medical Command • The Joint Arms Control Implementation Group • The Defence Centre of Training Support • The Defence Cyber Operations Group.
The total number of military and civilian personnel in the Joint Forces Command will be around 30,000 - which includes forces deployed on operations under command of the Chief of Joint Operations. These personnel are at sites across the UK, overseas in the Permanent Joint Operating Bases, and on operations in military theatres around the world, most notably Afghanistan.
The headquarters of the Joint Forces Command, situated at Northwood, north of London, at initial operating capability, is a lean structure, consisting of around 150 civilian and military staff.
The Command will reach its full operating capability by April 2013, by when it will have assumed additional responsibilities and functions. As the new Command matures, it will continue to develop Defence foundation and joint capabilities.
Stiu ca interesele strategice ale Marii Britanii si ale Romaniei sunt foarte diferite. Britanicii inca mai au, cat timp isi vor mai permite sa aiba, interese la nivel global. Acest fapt este, totodata, pandantul contextului geostrategic foarte diferit. Nu am pretentia de a face o analiza, ci doar de a puncta cateva diferente.
Marea Britanie este o tara insulara ale carei interese vor fi mereu legate de caile maritime de comunicatie si de protejarea rutelor comerciale pe oceanele lumii. Noi, pe de alta parte, suntem o tara predominant continentala, avand, in schimb, la Est un colos ca vecin si care nu e foarte prietenos cu alianta din care facem parte. Marile diferente de potential economic dintre cele doua tari sunt iarasi un factor extrem de important.
Rezulta ca, neavand interese globale, nu avem nici o capacitate de proiectie a fortei in diferitele teatre de operatii precum (mai) au britanicii. Asta nu inseamna, cred eu (e posibil sa ma insel) ca nu ar trebui gandita si la noi o structura operativa care sa reuneasca unitati ale celor trei categorii de forte. Si cred ca asa ceva ar fi necesar in orice context, ofensiv sau defensiv. Nu stiu sa existe asa ceva in armata noastra. Nu cred ca SMG poate juca un asemenea rol. Repet, poate ma insel, dar iata ce idei au stat la baza proiectului devenit intre timp Joint Forces Command.
Am vazut ca la britanici, mai nou, cei trei sefi ai categoriilor de forte, Chief of the General Staff - CGS (forte terestre), First Sea Lord and Chief of Naval Staff si Chief of Air Staff nu mai participa la consiliile militare prezidate de premier. Asta probabil si din cauza nemultumirilor exprimate in mod repetat, mai ales de catre fostul CGS, generalul Richard Dannatt. Motiv pentru care li s-au dat 'teme pentru acasa'. Rolul lor a devenit mai curand unul administrativ. Astfel, sefii categoriilor de forte vor avea ca principala misiune planificarea capacitatilor. Ei vor avea un control mai strict asupra bugetelor alocate fortelor pe care le conduc (adica vor si da socoteala la sange pentru acesti bani) si vor gestiona balanta pe care se vor afla greutati precum structura personalului, gradul de instruire, echipamentul si sustinerea materiala. Asta pentru a asigura indeplinirea cu eficient a misiunilor primite de catre fortele din subordine. Parca suna cunoscut, nu ? Singurul care isi va pastra functia de consilier militar al premierului si va participa la reuniunile cabinetului va fi seful celor trei, Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) ale carui atributii sunt mai 'politice' decat ale subordonatilor sai.
Rolul de a coordona problemele de ordin operativ a fost preluat de Joint Forces Command (cu rangul de 4 stele), care reprezinta o structura mai cuprinzatoare decat mai vechiul Permanent Joint Headquarters (cu rang de 3 stele). Repet, nu imi vine sa cred ca SMG-ul ar trebui sa joace un asemenea rol in mod nemijlocit. Consider ca ar fi necesara crearea unei asemenea structuri, care sa fie coordonate de un general/amiral cu 2 sau cel mult 3 stele, avand in vedere capacitatile noastre.
Si pentru ca tot veni vorba despre seful SMG-ului lor, am unele observatii de facut cu privire la rotativa intre categoriile de forte la SMG. Vad ca am preluat principiul asta de la americani si de la britanici. Stiu ca il mai aplica si altii, nu are rost sa ii enumar acum. Insa daca ne indreptam atentia doar spre SUA si UK, vom vedea ca nici macar aceste doua tari nu au aplicat rigid principiul respectiv. Asta in conditiile in care generalii de aviatie (ma rog, maresali ai aerului in cazul britanicilor) si amiralii lor si-au dovedit calitatile de lider pe teatrele de operatii. Acestia au condus mari unitati sau au facut parte din structurile de comanda ale unor teatre de operatii, asa ca principiul rotativei isi gaseste justificare in armatele acestor tari.
Sa nu uitam, totodata, ca fiind tari insulare, componentele aeriana si navala joaca un rol cel putin la fel de important precum cea terestra. Noi, dimpotriva, suntem o tara continentala, prin urmare componenta terestra predomina net, fapt reflectat si in structura noastra de forte. Din cate stiu, experienta in misiuni externe au avut mai ales comandantii din Fortele Terestre. Nu am auzit (iar admit ca pot sa ma insel din lipsa de informatii) ca vreun general de la Fortele Aeriene sau amiral din Fortele Navale sa fi jucat vreun rol ma insemnat. Cu tot respectul fata de aceste doua arme, mi se pare ca rolul de sef al SMG l-ar merita mai curand terestrii. Nu zic ca asta ii exclude pe generalii aviatori sau amirali. Principiul care ar trebui sa guverneze numirea sefului SMG ar fi ca acesta sa fie cel mai bun dintre cei care au 3 stele pe epoleti (nu doua cum au fost "mitraliate" actualului detinator pentru a putea fi numit in aceasta inalta functie), indiferent de arma careia ii apartine. Din punct de vedere statistic, cele mai multe sanse le-ar reveni celor din FT, al caror forte le depasesc numeric de aproape 3 ori pe cele cumulate ale FA si FN.
Insa introducerea fortata a rotativei atunci cand abia ai o fasie de litoral la Marea Neagra iar aviatia mai are mai putin de 50 de avioane de lupta dintre care cine stie cate mai sunt operationale (prefer sa nu stiu) produce situatii aberante, in opinia mea, precum cea actuala, cand au venit anul si steaua. Ma intreb, cum o fi privit actualul sef al SMG la cei 47 de ani ai sai de catre omologii din NATO in varsta, de obicei, de cel putin 55 de ani ?
Radu,tu stii asta si or mai fi vreo 10-12 in tara asta care au observat ca MB nu e Romania,chiar daca s-au chinuit unii sa faca o copie nu prea grozava dupa tinuta DPM.
Flota noastra ca flota,dar felul in care s-a facut organizarea armatei terestre in ideea ca se va asemana(privita din avion) cu armata britanica e ceva ce te pune cu mintea pe bigudiuri.Adica MB,tara insulara,in capatul alalalt al NATO,a avut nevoie de forte expeditionare si ceva COIN in Irlanda.Se merita deci o armata profesionista aproape integral.Chiar asa mai au Territorial Army.Noi insa suntem mai catolici ca papa si mai englezi ca printul Harry.Suntem chiar distractivi,daca nu am fi tragici.
Legat de treaba cu Joint-ul la englezi,Tommies s-au prins cu vreo 2-3 ani mai tarziu ca americanii cum e cu razboiul in retea.Daca te uiti la structura,in afara de academie si inca vreo 2 nimicuri,e o structura extinsa a conceptului lansat acum 6-7 ani in Irak de JSOC.
Deci tot opera 'dizgratiatului' Stanley McChrystal ! Bine ca i-au lasat macar a 4-a stea pentru ca, dupa regulament, puteau sa i-o ia. Cotind-o (insa numai pentru cateva secunde) spre gluma, de bine ce am descoperit noi DPM (am citit parca mai demult ca fabricam pentru ei uniforme DPM dar nu au corespuns masurile si nu din cauza - surpriza mare - noastra, ci a celor de la inzestrare din cadrul MoD) intre timp ei s-au desteptat si au adoptat MTP (ce-i drept, un Multicam usor modificat). Nu am studiat suficient problema, dar inainte de Joint Forces Command, UK a avut Permanent Joint Headquarters si Joint Forces Command inca din 1996, iar conceptul a fost formulat in 1994. Sursa: LINK
The Army’s 2nd Division marched into military history on the morning of 2 April 2012, with a low-key flag lowering ceremony (pictured above) outside its HQ in Edinburgh; whilst a special drumhead ceremony heralded a new structure for the Army in Shrewsbury's Copthorne Barracks as the 5th Division also disbanded. The Army in Scotland Major General Nick Eeles, the newly installed Governor of Edinburgh Castle, became the last General Officer Commanding the 2nd Division and the first General Officer Commanding Scotland, becoming head of an new integrated HQ Scotland and 51 Scottish Brigade, in 2nd Division’s former place of work at Craigiehall.
This sees the Army in Scotland once again having its own 2 star officer to represent it at the highest level in Scottish society, to oversee the future of the Army in Scotland after the implementation of the Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR), and to engage with the Scottish Government and other Scottish official bodies to ensure the best possible future in Scotland for soldiers and their families based there. New era for Army in Shrewsbury The Army’s 5th Division, the origins of which date back more than 200 years, officially disbanded on 2 April and a ceremony for staff and local community dignitaries marking the occasion was held on 29 March. The drumhead service conducted by the Rev Tyrone Hillary, the Army Chaplain General for 5th Division, was held on the square at the Barracks. About 100 civilian and military staff took part in the service during which the flag of the 5th Division was lowered and that of Headquarters 143 (West Midlands) Brigade was raised. HQ Support Command The move follows the MOD’s Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR) and Project Avanti, the restructuring of the Army’s regional forces. It sees the Divisions' regional brigades re-subordinate to the newly formed Headquarters Support Command based in Aldershot. Following the earlier disbandment of 4th Division on 3 January 12, HQ Support Command is now the single 2 star command for providing direction to regional force HQs and units. However, some HQ Support Command tasks will continue to be delivered from Craigiehall (Edinburgh) and Copthorne Barracks (Shrewsbury) until at least Aug 12. Sursa: LINK
Celelalte 10 brigazi, apartinand armatei teritoriale, sunt grupate in Support Command. LINK
Mai demult, am intrat pe un site australian cu tematica militara. Despre 'poms', cum ii numesc cu oarecare dispret despre englezi, australienii nu aveau parere prea buna ca militari. Singuri care se bucurau de consideratie in ochii lor erau Royal Marines si, oarecum, si RAF Regiment. Despre cei regimentul de parasutisti, care furnizeaza cam 50% din recrutii pentru SAS, vorbeau chiar cu dispret. De asemenea, din ceea ce spuneau, lasau sa se inteleaga chiar cum ca SASR ar fi mai buni decat 22 SAS. Asta desi afirmau ritos ca nu accepta o clasificare a performantelor unitatilor de forte speciale din lume.
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